《计算机图形学》课程介绍

《计算机图形学》是计算机科学与技术专业的限选课，主要介绍图形显示及图形表示的方法和原理，它是为满足计算机绘画与动画、游戏设计、虚拟现实、图像处理、计算机视觉等领域对计算机应用人才的需要而设置的，是一门理论性和实践性相结合的课程。

简单地说，计算机图形学的主要研究内容就是研究如何在计算机中表示图形、以及利用计算机进行图形的计算、处理和显示的相关原理与算法。图形通常由点、线、面、体等几何元素和灰度、色彩、线型、线宽等非几何属性组成。其主要的目的是要利用计算机产生令人赏心悦目的真实感图形。为此，必须建立图形所描述的场景的几何表示，再用某种光照模型，计算在假想的光源、纹理、材质属性下的光照明效果。事实上，图形学也把可以表示几何场景的曲线曲面造型技术和实体造型技术作为其主要的研究内容。计算机图形学的研究内容非常广泛，如图形硬件、图形标准、图形交互技术、光栅图形生成算法、曲线曲面造型、实体造型、真实感图形计算与显示算法、非真实感绘制，以及科学计算可视化、计算机动画、自然景物仿真、虚拟现实等。整个课程以C语言为例，通过介绍30多个算法和程序设计的例子，阐述计算机图形学的原理、方法和程序设计知识。

通过本课程的学习，使学生了解计算机在图形应用方面的基础原理，了解图形应用中的特殊性处理方法，进而学习和掌握计算机在图形领域应用中分析、建模、程序设计等方面知识，为实际问题的解决提供适宜的模型和办法，培养学生使用计算机分析问题和解决问题的实际能力。

Introduction of Course “Computer Graphics”

Computer graphics is a required elective of computer science and technology, which introduces the principles and methods of graphic display and represantation. Computer graphics is designed to meet requirements of computer applications areas including computer drawing and animation, game design, virtual reality, image processing, computer vision, which is a theoretical and practical course.

The main contents of computer graphics is related to such research areas as principles and algorithms of computer graphic representation in the computer graphics, computer graphic computing, processing and display using computer. Graph usually consists of geometric elements, such as points, lines, areas, volumes, and non-geometric attributes, such as grayscale, color, line type, line width. The elements and attributes can be used to generate photorealistic graph using computer. Therefore, geometric represantation is required to describe the geometric scene. Lighting effect with the specific lighting source, texture properties and material properties can be simulated using some kind of lighting model.

The contents of computer graphics also include curve and surface modeling technology as well as solid modeling technology for geometric scene represantation. The research content of computer graphics is very extensive, including graphic hardware, graphic standard, graphic interaction technology, raster graphic generation algorithm, curve and surface modeling, solid modeling, photorealistic graphics computing and display algorithms, non-photorealistic rendering, scientific visualization, computer animation, natural scenery simulation, virtual reality and so on. The course provides more than 30 examples of algorithm and program design in C language to elaborate principles and methods of computer graphics as well as the knowledge of program design.

Through this course, students will learn basic principles of computer graphics application, understand the special-purpose processing method of graphics applications, and master the knowledge of analysis, modeling, program design and other aspects in the field of computer graphics applications. This course provides appropriate models and approaches for solution of practical problems and trains students the actual ability to analyze problems and solve problems using computers.